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Rocky · 1st planet from the Sun

Mercury

The smallest planet and the closest to the Sun, with the most extreme temperature swings of any planet.

This page shows Mercury's real physical facts. Live position data (today's exact distance, rise/set time, current constellation) requires real-time orbital position calculations this site doesn't yet perform — we show honest typical ranges below instead of guessing today's exact numbers.

Size & Distance

Diameter4,879 km
Vs. Earth's diameter0.38×
Distance from Sun0.39 AU (57.9M km)
Distance from Earth (range)91M – 208M km

Mass & Gravity

Mass vs. Earth0.055×
Surface gravity vs. Earth0.38×
Known moons0

Time

Length of day~59 Earth days
Length of year88 days

Orbit

Orbital period88 days
Planet typeRocky

Interesting facts about Mercury

  • A year on Mercury (88 days) is shorter than its own day (about 176 Earth days from one sunrise to the next), because of how slowly it rotates relative to its orbit.
  • Despite being closest to the Sun, Mercury isn't the hottest planet — that title goes to Venus.
  • Mercury has no atmosphere to speak of, so it can't retain heat — nighttime temperatures plunge far below freezing even though daytime temperatures are scorching.

FAQ

How far is Mercury from the Sun?

An average of about 0.39 AU (57.9 million km).

How big is Mercury?

4,879 km in diameter — about 0.38× the diameter of Earth.

How much would I weigh on Mercury?

Multiply your Earth weight by 0.38Mercury's surface gravity is 0.38× Earth's. Try our weight calculator for an exact number.